| 除甲醛，您还在用活性炭？！ |
| 添加时间：2017/11/23 14:12:18 浏览次数： |
| 甲醛无色无味，却严重威胁着人类的健康，所以如何去除甲醛污染一直是人们关注的重点。 Formaldehyde is colorless and odorless, but it is a serious threat to human health, so how to remove formaldehyde pollution has always been the focus of attention. 浙江农林大学副教授于红卫带领团队研发了一种植物型的甲醛净化液，以茶叶、葡萄柚、芦荟等20余种纯天然植物提取液为原料，采用先进低温萃取技术，提取低分子有害物质去除因子，通过接枝改性精制而成。 Yu Hongwei, associate professor of Zhejiang University of agriculture and forestry led the team developed a plant type formaldehyde purification liquid, aloe tea, grapefruit, etc. more than 20 kinds of pure natural plant extract as raw material, the use of advanced low-temperature extraction technology, the extraction of low molecular harmful substances removal factor, formed by grafting modified refining. 这种植物提取液在测试中显示，可以高效去除空气中的甲醛、总挥发性有机物（TVOC）、氨、硫化物等有害气体，净除异味和臭味，既生态又环保，经过瑞士通标标准技术服务有限公司（SGS）检测，24小时甲醛去除率可达94.5%。 This plant extract showed in the test, can efficiently remove the formaldehyde in the air, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), ammonia, sulfide and other harmful gases, purify peculiar smell and odor, both ecological and environmental protection, by Swiss standards technical services Limited (SGS) detection, formaldehyde removal rate up to 24 hours 94.5%. 活性因子“消灭”甲醛与异味 "Formaldehyde" and "peculiar smell" eliminated by active factor 于红卫在接受《中国科学报》记者采访时介绍道，其带领团队研发的净化液，是茶叶、葡萄柚、芦荟等20余种纯天然植物的提取液，其中含有能与甲醛反应的活性因子，这些天然植物中含有生物碱等能与酸性有害物质反应。 Yu Hongwei in the "China Science News" interview with reporters said, which led the team to develop the purifying liquid extract, tea, grapefruit, aloe and other more than 20 kinds of pure natural plants, which can react with formaldehyde containing active factors, these natural plants contain biological alkali and acid reaction of harmful substances. 而且，植物中含有的物质还能与空气中的异味分子反应，净化空气。“因为植物型净化液在一定湿度条件下，处于被活化的状态，形成一种袋状结构的有机分子。同时植物型净化液又是一种亲核试剂，而大多数臭味和异味物质是亲核体，如氨和硫衍生物，当异味分子靠近时，将发生酸碱反应、催化氧化、络合、氧化还原等化学反应，使异味分子改变原有的分子结构，发生不可逆化学键和反应，使空气失去异味和臭味。”于红卫表示。 What's more, the substances in plants react with the peculiar smell molecules in the air and purify the air. "Because the plant type purification solution is activated under certain humidity conditions, it forms a bag like structure of organic molecules. At the same time, the plant type purifying liquid and a nucleophile, and most odor substances is a nucleophile such as ammonia and sulfur derivatives, when odor molecules will occur near, acid-base reaction, catalytic oxidation, complexation, redox reactions, the odor molecules change the molecular structure of the original, irreversible chemical key and reaction, the air without peculiar smell and odor." Yu Hongwei expresses. 在使用过程中，研究人员先将家具等需要净化的物体表面进行加温，即用蒸汽在表面加热，使人造板中靠近空气表面的游离甲醛在热的作用下挥发到空气中，然后再喷涂净化液。 In the use of the process, the researchers will first furniture and other surfaces need to purify the surface heating, that is, steam heating on the surface, so that the wood-based panels in the air near the surface of the free formaldehyde in the role of heat volatilization into the air, and then spray purification solution. 这样做是因为甲醛的沸点很低，约为-19.5摄氏度，所以在常温下甲醛都是以气态的形式存在的，一旦周围环境变热即有很多甲醛游离到空气中。“先让一部分不稳定的甲醛充分释放，然后再喷涂植物净化剂可以让后续效果更好。”于红卫介绍说。之后喷涂在家具表面的净化剂会形成保护膜。“这层保护膜中的活性因子会继续络合使用过程中释放的甲醛，保证室内空气洁净。”于红卫说。而且，这种植物型净化剂与甲醛反应后形成有机盐类物质。 This is because the boiling point of formaldehyde is very low, about -19.5 degrees Celsius, so at room temperature formaldehyde is in the form of gaseous, once the surrounding environment becomes hot, that is, a lot of formaldehyde free into the air. "First let some of the unstable formaldehyde release fully, and then spraying plant cleaner can make the follow-up effect better."." Yu Hongwei said. Then the cleaning agent sprayed on the furniture surface will form a protective film. "The active factor in this protective film will continue to complexing the formaldehyde released during use to ensure clean indoor air."." Yu Hongwei said. In addition, the plant type detergent reacts with formaldehyde to form organic salts. 不过，如果家具内的甲醛释放量较大，那么涂抹在家具表面的活性剂可能很快被络合。“一般来说，这种喷涂的有效期都在两年以上。”于红卫补充道。 However, if the amount of formaldehyde released inside the furniture is large, the surfactant applied on the furniture surface may soon be complexed. Generally speaking, this spray is valid for more than two years." Yu Hongwei adds. 可降低二次污染 It can reduce the two pollution 目前，市场中净化甲醛的方法众多，但原理无外乎物理吸附、强氧化剂溶菌、生物酶催化、光触媒和植物净化液催化等。 At present, the market a number of methods for formaldehyde removal, but the principle is nothing less than the physical adsorption, strong oxidant, bacteriolytic enzyme catalysis, photocatalyst and plant purifying liquid catalysis. 其中物理吸附时，人们往往选择硅藻泥或活性炭等。“但因为吸附属于物理过程，所以无法彻底分解甲醛，当吸附物达到饱和时就失去效果，甚至还有可能将有害物质释放到空气中。”于红卫说。 When physical adsorption, people often choose diatom mud or activated carbon and so on. But because the adsorption belongs to the physical process, it can not completely decompose formaldehyde, when the adsorbent reaches saturation, it will lose effect, and even may release harmful substances into the air." Yu Hongwei said. 而强氧化剂则因为会让细菌的细胞壁和细胞受到破坏，令细胞失去活性，所以对人体有害，一般不会选用。 Strong oxidants cause cell walls and cells of bacteria to be destroyed, so that cells lose activity, so harmful to the human body, generally will not choose. 至于生物酶，则因为每一种酶只能催化一种污染物而受到限制。而光触媒虽然在紫外线光的条件下分解率较高，但是如果角落等紫外光较差的地方则效果受限。 As for biological enzymes, each enzyme can only catalyze one pollutant and is limited. While the photocatalyst has high decomposition rate under ultraviolet light, but the effect is limited if the corner and other ultraviolet light is poor. 植物净化液也并非新兴产物。“有关甲醛清除剂的研发在我国历时十多年了，种类层出不穷。采用植物提取的药剂也很多，但这些药剂在实验室里都符合清除甲醛的要求，而在室内实际运行时很难满足。”上海交通大学电气工程系教授吴吉祥在接受《中国科学报》记者采访时坦言。 Plant cleaning solution is not a new product. "Formaldehyde scavenger research and development in our country lasted more than 10 years, various types emerge in an endless stream. There are many kinds of plant extracts, but these chemicals meet the requirements of formaldehyde removal in the laboratory, and are difficult to meet in the actual operation of the room." Wu Jixiang, Professor of Electrical Engineering Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, admitted in an interview with China Science daily. 因为这种药剂在找到污染源时，可以控制污染源局部的甲醛污染。但是，对于已经装修好的房间，特别是一些隐蔽的地方，包括围护、天花板吊顶、地板以及家具的抽屉、内板等，药剂喷涂难以起到作用。“即便药剂处理在治理后短时期内可能解决问题，但是也难以解决甲醛反弹的问题。”吴吉祥表示。 Because the medicament can control the pollution of the formaldehyde in the local pollution source when it finds the pollution source. However, for the already decorated rooms, especially some hidden places, including enclosure, ceiling, floor and furniture drawer, inner board, etc., chemical spraying is difficult to play a role. Even if the treatment of chemicals in the short period of governance may solve the problem, but it is difficult to solve the problem of formaldehyde rebound." Wu Jixiang expresses. 多管齐下净化室内空气 Purifying indoor air by multi pronged method “一直无法彻底根除甲醛的原因是，装修材料的无害化问题一直没有解决。我国用于装修的人造板以及粘胶剂中的甲醛含量大多数超过进口的材料。室内装修甲醛污染的源头来自装修材料。材料的环保问题不解决，就难以彻底解决室内空气中的甲醛污染问题。”吴吉祥说。 "Has been unable to completely eradicate the formaldehyde is the reason, the decoration materials harmless problem has not been solved. Materials used for the decoration of the formaldehyde content of wood-based panel adhesive and the majority of China's imports exceed. The source of formaldehyde pollution in interior decoration comes from decoration materials. It is difficult to completely solve the problem of formaldehyde pollution in indoor air without solving the problem of environmental protection." Wu Jixiang said. 于红卫也表示，现在家具中使用的人造板在制作工程中，一般采用含甲醛的树脂，这类树脂性价比高，人造板的物理力学性能好。这些树脂又包括尿素甲醛树脂、苯酚甲醛树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、三聚氰胺改性尿素甲醛树脂等。这些“隐藏”在人造板中的甲醛并非全部会成为污染空 Yu Hongwei also said that the use of wood-based panels in the production of furniture, the general use of formaldehyde resin, this kind of resin cost-effective, wood-based panels of physical and mechanical properties are good. These resins include urea formaldehyde resin, phenol formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, melamine modified urea formaldehyde resin and so on. These "hidden" in the wood-based panel of formaldehyde is not all will become pollution empty |
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