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扒皮硅藻泥，“除甲醛”的噱头不要当真
随着家庭对装修污染问题愈发重视，一些主打环保牌的产品也越来越畅销。“硅藻泥”是其中的佼佼者，据说这种材料能解决装修造成的空气污染，吸附或消除甲醛，效率是活性炭的几千倍。那真实的情况是怎样的呢？我们今天就来破解和还原。
As the family has paid more attention to the problem of decoration pollution, some products that play the environmental protection brand are becoming more and more popular. "Diatom mud" is the best among them. It is said that this material can solve the air pollution caused by fitment, adsorb or eliminate formaldehyde, and its efficiency is thousands of times of activated carbon. What is the real situation? We're going to break and restore it today.
硅藻泥（diatomite，diatomaceous earth，珪藻土）是单细胞植物硅藻死后，外壳细胞壁形成的化石。在硅藻丰富的地区，大量的硅藻尸体逐渐沉淀，有机部分分解之后，剩余的壳逐渐累积，最终形成的就是硅藻泥，主要成分是二氧化硅。
Diatom mud (diatomite, diatomaceous earth, GUI soil algae) are unicellular diatom cell wall formation after the death of shell fossils. In the rich area of diatoms, a large number of diatom corpses gradually precipitate. After the organic decomposition, the remaining shells gradually accumulate, and the final form is diatom mud, which is mainly composed of silica.
硅藻泥并不是什么新东西，因为具有较强的物理吸附、吸水、阻燃等性能，硅藻泥很早就用来作为过滤器、杀虫剂、催化剂或者阻燃剂等等。
Diatom mud is not something new, because it has strong physical adsorption, water absorption, flame retardancy and so on. Diatom mud has been used as filter, insecticide, catalyst or flame retardant for a long time.
用硅藻泥作为建筑材料是从日本开始出现的，欧美国家基本见不到。不过日本人所看中的是硅藻泥的吸水性，所以如果你在日本看到有硅藻泥的宣传，会发现两个醒目的汉子：“调湿”。
The use of diatom mud as a building material has emerged from Japan, and the European and American countries have not seen it. But the Japanese look at the water absorbency of diatom mud, so if you see the propaganda of diatom mud in Japan, you will find two striking men: "dampness".
日本很多地区湿度较高，又常用木材等对湿度很敏感的建材。因此如何控制屋内湿度，一直是日本人比较在意的方面。硅藻泥的多孔结构可以在潮湿的时候吸附一定的水分，等到空气干燥时释放，因此被一些日本企业当做调节湿度的工具进行销售。不过在除湿加湿方面，硅藻泥也只能作为辅助的工具，效率远不如除湿器、空调、加湿器等产品。如果遇到连续潮湿或者干燥的日子，也就没什么效果了。
In many areas of Japan, the humidity is high and the humidity is very sensitive to the timber and other materials. So how to control the humidity in the house has always been a matter of concern to the Japanese. The porous structure of diatom mud can adsorb some moisture in moist time and release when the air is dry. Therefore, it is sold by some Japanese enterprises as a tool for regulating humidity. But in the dehumidifying and humidifying, diatom mud can only be used as auxiliary tool, the efficiency is far better than air conditioning, dehumidifier, humidifier and other products. If you have a wet or dry day, it doesn't work.
而当硅藻泥材料被引进中国之后，日本人主打的调湿功能让出了主角的位置，取而代之的是在日本很少提及的“去除可挥发有机污染物”。很多国内商家将其包装成吸附甚至分解甲醛、芳香烃等污染物的“最有效方法”。
When the diatom mud material was introduced into China, the main function of humidity control of the Japanese made the position of the leading actor instead of the "volatile organic pollutants" which was rarely mentioned in Japan. Many domestic businesses package them into "the most effective methods" to adsorb or even decompose the pollutants such as formaldehyde and aromatic hydrocarbons.
中国商家所发明创造出的“吸附甲醛”能力，所依据的，也是硅藻泥的细孔结构。在商家嘴里，这是一种吸附能力强大到是活性炭的5000倍的伟大产品，可实际上却恰恰相反。
The ability of "adsorbing formaldehyde" invented by Chinese merchants is also based on the pore structure of diatom mud. In the mouth of the merchant, this is a great product with a powerful adsorption capacity of 5000 times as much as activated carbon, but in fact it is the opposite.
衡量这类细孔产品吸附能力的核心指标之一是比表面积，也就是1克的产品中星罗密布的小孔表面积之和是多少，简单的说就是比表面积越高，意味着吸附能力越强。
One of the core indicators to measure the adsorption capacity of such products is the specific surface area, which is the sum of the hole surface area of the 1 grams of products. The higher the specific surface area is, the stronger the adsorption capacity.
一般天然的硅藻泥比表面积在20-60平米/克。如果是经过煅烧等加工，比表面积还可能会大幅度下降。那活性炭是多少呢？不同种类的活性炭，比表面积一般在几百到几千平米/克，硅藻泥是活性炭的几千倍？呵呵。
The natural diatom mud has a surface area of 20-60 square meters / gram. If it is processed by calcining, the specific surface area may also be greatly reduced. What's that activated carbon? Different kinds of activated carbon, the specific surface area is usually hundreds to thousands of kilometers per gram, and diatom mud is thousands of times as much as activated carbon. Ha-ha。
一些硅藻泥产品为了进一步加强噱头，加入了二氧化钛，然后宣成这样就变成光触媒硅藻泥，可以分解甲醛……且不论里面那点光触媒能分解几个甲醛分子，二氧化钛想起到光触媒的效果，是要有紫外线直接照射提供能量才可以的。你要是涂在户外墙上，努力给室外公共环境做贡献也就罢了。涂在家里？那面硅藻泥墙一天能有几分钟机会被太阳暴晒呢？
Some diatom mud products to further strengthen the gimmick, add titanium dioxide, and then become a photocatalyst diatom mud, can decompose formaldehyde... No matter what photocatalyst can decompose several formaldehyde molecules, the effect of titanium dioxide on photocatalyst is directly irradiated by ultraviolet. If you put it on an outdoor wall, try to make a contribution to the outdoor environment. At home? The mud diatoms a day can have a few minutes to the sun?
至于什么负离子、杀菌消毒......只能说编造噱头这事八成是容易上瘾的病。
As for negative ions, sterilization and disinfection... Can only be said to create a gimmick this 80% is easy to be addicted to the disease.
无论是活性炭还是硅藻泥这类细孔吸附类产品，被动吸附甲醛的效率都不算高，所以将活性炭作为空气净化器的滤芯存在会好一些，这样可以有效增加活性炭接触、过滤、吸附空气中甲醛分子的机会。
Whether this kind of activated carbon or diatom mud pore adsorption products, the efficiency of passive adsorption of formaldehyde is not high, so the activated carbon as filter air purifier there will be better, which can effectively increase the contact filtration, activated carbon, adsorption of formaldehyde molecule in the fresh air of opportunity.
这类产品的另一个问题，还在于吸附能力是有上限的，会随着时间逐渐下降。在湿度较高的环境下，还会因为吸附了水分子进一步快速降低吸附甲醛的能力。活性炭或者空气净化器的碳芯还可以简单快捷的购买更换。吸满了甲醛的硅藻泥墙怎么办？铲了再做？这种物理吸附是可逆的动态平衡，开始空气中甲醛多，那硅藻泥会吸附，但吸附太多，硅藻泥就可能会摇身一变，成为不断持续释放甲醛的污染源……
Another problem of this kind of product is that the adsorption capacity is upper limit and will decrease over time. In a high humidity environment, the adsorption of water molecules will further reduce the ability to further reduce the adsorption of formaldehyde. The carbon core of the activated carbon or the air purifier can also be purchased and replaced simply and quickly. How do the full absorption of formaldehyde diatom mud? Shoveled and done again? This physical adsorption is a reversible dynamic equilibrium, which starts with more formaldehyde in the air. The diatom mud will adsorb, but if it adsorbs too much, the diatom mud will probably become a source of pollution that continuously releases formaldehyde.
解决甲醛等室内空气污染，核心只有三个：通风、通风、再通风，实在不能通风的时候，选择活性炭种类合理、重量实在、风量够大的空气净化器作为补充吧，记得定期更换滤芯。
To solve indoor air pollution such as formaldehyde, there are only three core points: ventilation, ventilation and ventilation. When air is not available, choose air purifier with reasonable activated charcoal, large weight and large air volume as supplement. Remember to replace filter element regularly.
我们总希望能有窍门，或者神奇的产品来解决可怕的室内污染问题，可惜没有。与其想如何解决室内空气污染，不如从根本上选择合格、环保的家具、家装产品，不要让污染源有机会进入你的房间。当买了或者用了不合格的污染物超标产品之后再想处理，已经晚了。
We always hope to have a trick, or a magic product to solve the terrible indoor pollution problem, but it's a pity. Rather than how to solve indoor air pollution, it is better to choose qualified and environmentally-friendly furniture and home furnishings products, and don't let pollution sources have chance to enter your room. It is late to buy or use unqualified contaminants to exceed the standard products.
总有读者问装修完多久可以搬进新家，其实没有一个时间标准，如果你选的产品质量都很好，没有污染物或者非常少，那不需要通风太久。但如果你选择的产品质量不合格，污染物超标，那这种污染甚至可能会持续几年，通风几个月不会完全解决问题。
There are always readers asking how long they can move into the new home after finishing, but there is not a time standard. If the quality of the products you choose is good, no pollutants or very few, it doesn't need to be ventilated for too long. But if the quality of the products you choose is not qualified and the pollutants exceed the standard, the pollution may even last for a few years. Ventilation will not completely solve the problem for several months.
硅藻泥？用来凹个造
Diatom mud? Used for foveing
As the family has paid more attention to the problem of decoration pollution, some products that play the environmental protection brand are becoming more and more popular. "Diatom mud" is the best among them. It is said that this material can solve the air pollution caused by fitment, adsorb or eliminate formaldehyde, and its efficiency is thousands of times of activated carbon. What is the real situation? We're going to break and restore it today.
硅藻泥（diatomite，diatomaceous earth，珪藻土）是单细胞植物硅藻死后，外壳细胞壁形成的化石。在硅藻丰富的地区，大量的硅藻尸体逐渐沉淀，有机部分分解之后，剩余的壳逐渐累积，最终形成的就是硅藻泥，主要成分是二氧化硅。
Diatom mud (diatomite, diatomaceous earth, GUI soil algae) are unicellular diatom cell wall formation after the death of shell fossils. In the rich area of diatoms, a large number of diatom corpses gradually precipitate. After the organic decomposition, the remaining shells gradually accumulate, and the final form is diatom mud, which is mainly composed of silica.
硅藻泥并不是什么新东西，因为具有较强的物理吸附、吸水、阻燃等性能，硅藻泥很早就用来作为过滤器、杀虫剂、催化剂或者阻燃剂等等。
Diatom mud is not something new, because it has strong physical adsorption, water absorption, flame retardancy and so on. Diatom mud has been used as filter, insecticide, catalyst or flame retardant for a long time.
用硅藻泥作为建筑材料是从日本开始出现的，欧美国家基本见不到。不过日本人所看中的是硅藻泥的吸水性，所以如果你在日本看到有硅藻泥的宣传，会发现两个醒目的汉子：“调湿”。
The use of diatom mud as a building material has emerged from Japan, and the European and American countries have not seen it. But the Japanese look at the water absorbency of diatom mud, so if you see the propaganda of diatom mud in Japan, you will find two striking men: "dampness".
日本很多地区湿度较高，又常用木材等对湿度很敏感的建材。因此如何控制屋内湿度，一直是日本人比较在意的方面。硅藻泥的多孔结构可以在潮湿的时候吸附一定的水分，等到空气干燥时释放，因此被一些日本企业当做调节湿度的工具进行销售。不过在除湿加湿方面，硅藻泥也只能作为辅助的工具，效率远不如除湿器、空调、加湿器等产品。如果遇到连续潮湿或者干燥的日子，也就没什么效果了。
In many areas of Japan, the humidity is high and the humidity is very sensitive to the timber and other materials. So how to control the humidity in the house has always been a matter of concern to the Japanese. The porous structure of diatom mud can adsorb some moisture in moist time and release when the air is dry. Therefore, it is sold by some Japanese enterprises as a tool for regulating humidity. But in the dehumidifying and humidifying, diatom mud can only be used as auxiliary tool, the efficiency is far better than air conditioning, dehumidifier, humidifier and other products. If you have a wet or dry day, it doesn't work.
而当硅藻泥材料被引进中国之后，日本人主打的调湿功能让出了主角的位置，取而代之的是在日本很少提及的“去除可挥发有机污染物”。很多国内商家将其包装成吸附甚至分解甲醛、芳香烃等污染物的“最有效方法”。
When the diatom mud material was introduced into China, the main function of humidity control of the Japanese made the position of the leading actor instead of the "volatile organic pollutants" which was rarely mentioned in Japan. Many domestic businesses package them into "the most effective methods" to adsorb or even decompose the pollutants such as formaldehyde and aromatic hydrocarbons.
中国商家所发明创造出的“吸附甲醛”能力，所依据的，也是硅藻泥的细孔结构。在商家嘴里，这是一种吸附能力强大到是活性炭的5000倍的伟大产品，可实际上却恰恰相反。
The ability of "adsorbing formaldehyde" invented by Chinese merchants is also based on the pore structure of diatom mud. In the mouth of the merchant, this is a great product with a powerful adsorption capacity of 5000 times as much as activated carbon, but in fact it is the opposite.
衡量这类细孔产品吸附能力的核心指标之一是比表面积，也就是1克的产品中星罗密布的小孔表面积之和是多少，简单的说就是比表面积越高，意味着吸附能力越强。
One of the core indicators to measure the adsorption capacity of such products is the specific surface area, which is the sum of the hole surface area of the 1 grams of products. The higher the specific surface area is, the stronger the adsorption capacity.
一般天然的硅藻泥比表面积在20-60平米/克。如果是经过煅烧等加工，比表面积还可能会大幅度下降。那活性炭是多少呢？不同种类的活性炭，比表面积一般在几百到几千平米/克，硅藻泥是活性炭的几千倍？呵呵。
The natural diatom mud has a surface area of 20-60 square meters / gram. If it is processed by calcining, the specific surface area may also be greatly reduced. What's that activated carbon? Different kinds of activated carbon, the specific surface area is usually hundreds to thousands of kilometers per gram, and diatom mud is thousands of times as much as activated carbon. Ha-ha。
一些硅藻泥产品为了进一步加强噱头，加入了二氧化钛，然后宣成这样就变成光触媒硅藻泥，可以分解甲醛……且不论里面那点光触媒能分解几个甲醛分子，二氧化钛想起到光触媒的效果，是要有紫外线直接照射提供能量才可以的。你要是涂在户外墙上，努力给室外公共环境做贡献也就罢了。涂在家里？那面硅藻泥墙一天能有几分钟机会被太阳暴晒呢？
Some diatom mud products to further strengthen the gimmick, add titanium dioxide, and then become a photocatalyst diatom mud, can decompose formaldehyde... No matter what photocatalyst can decompose several formaldehyde molecules, the effect of titanium dioxide on photocatalyst is directly irradiated by ultraviolet. If you put it on an outdoor wall, try to make a contribution to the outdoor environment. At home? The mud diatoms a day can have a few minutes to the sun?
至于什么负离子、杀菌消毒......只能说编造噱头这事八成是容易上瘾的病。
As for negative ions, sterilization and disinfection... Can only be said to create a gimmick this 80% is easy to be addicted to the disease.
无论是活性炭还是硅藻泥这类细孔吸附类产品，被动吸附甲醛的效率都不算高，所以将活性炭作为空气净化器的滤芯存在会好一些，这样可以有效增加活性炭接触、过滤、吸附空气中甲醛分子的机会。
Whether this kind of activated carbon or diatom mud pore adsorption products, the efficiency of passive adsorption of formaldehyde is not high, so the activated carbon as filter air purifier there will be better, which can effectively increase the contact filtration, activated carbon, adsorption of formaldehyde molecule in the fresh air of opportunity.
这类产品的另一个问题，还在于吸附能力是有上限的，会随着时间逐渐下降。在湿度较高的环境下，还会因为吸附了水分子进一步快速降低吸附甲醛的能力。活性炭或者空气净化器的碳芯还可以简单快捷的购买更换。吸满了甲醛的硅藻泥墙怎么办？铲了再做？这种物理吸附是可逆的动态平衡，开始空气中甲醛多，那硅藻泥会吸附，但吸附太多，硅藻泥就可能会摇身一变，成为不断持续释放甲醛的污染源……
Another problem of this kind of product is that the adsorption capacity is upper limit and will decrease over time. In a high humidity environment, the adsorption of water molecules will further reduce the ability to further reduce the adsorption of formaldehyde. The carbon core of the activated carbon or the air purifier can also be purchased and replaced simply and quickly. How do the full absorption of formaldehyde diatom mud? Shoveled and done again? This physical adsorption is a reversible dynamic equilibrium, which starts with more formaldehyde in the air. The diatom mud will adsorb, but if it adsorbs too much, the diatom mud will probably become a source of pollution that continuously releases formaldehyde.
解决甲醛等室内空气污染，核心只有三个：通风、通风、再通风，实在不能通风的时候，选择活性炭种类合理、重量实在、风量够大的空气净化器作为补充吧，记得定期更换滤芯。
To solve indoor air pollution such as formaldehyde, there are only three core points: ventilation, ventilation and ventilation. When air is not available, choose air purifier with reasonable activated charcoal, large weight and large air volume as supplement. Remember to replace filter element regularly.
我们总希望能有窍门，或者神奇的产品来解决可怕的室内污染问题，可惜没有。与其想如何解决室内空气污染，不如从根本上选择合格、环保的家具、家装产品，不要让污染源有机会进入你的房间。当买了或者用了不合格的污染物超标产品之后再想处理，已经晚了。
We always hope to have a trick, or a magic product to solve the terrible indoor pollution problem, but it's a pity. Rather than how to solve indoor air pollution, it is better to choose qualified and environmentally-friendly furniture and home furnishings products, and don't let pollution sources have chance to enter your room. It is late to buy or use unqualified contaminants to exceed the standard products.
总有读者问装修完多久可以搬进新家，其实没有一个时间标准，如果你选的产品质量都很好，没有污染物或者非常少，那不需要通风太久。但如果你选择的产品质量不合格，污染物超标，那这种污染甚至可能会持续几年，通风几个月不会完全解决问题。
There are always readers asking how long they can move into the new home after finishing, but there is not a time standard. If the quality of the products you choose is good, no pollutants or very few, it doesn't need to be ventilated for too long. But if the quality of the products you choose is not qualified and the pollutants exceed the standard, the pollution may even last for a few years. Ventilation will not completely solve the problem for several months.
硅藻泥？用来凹个造
Diatom mud? Used for foveing
